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The study found that pedestrianizing certain blocks in US cities led to a decrease in retail vacancy rates. In Buffalo, NY, all retail space on one block was filled within a decade after pedestrianization. In Poughkeepsie, NY, vacancy rates dropped from 30% to 10.7% after reverting the street back to two lanes of traffic with on-street parking. In South Bend, IN, retail sales increased by 20% and a historic theater reopened after Michigan Street was reopened to two-way traffic. In Pittsburgh, PA, $80 million in new and restored buildings were developed by 1992, with a vacancy rate decreasing from 60% to 30%. The study suggests that pedestrianization can be an effective strategy for revitalizing retail areas, but it requires careful planning and management.