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Prolog is a programming language based on formal logic, which allows for representing and reasoning about logical relationships. In Prolog, variables, types, predicates, and queries are the fundamental elements of the language. Variables have a specific size determined by their arity, and types are inferred by the evaluation of a term's structure. Predicates define a relation between arguments, and queries represent an action or question to be answered by the program. Prolog has many applications in artificial intelligence, computer science, and other fields due to its powerful logic-based reasoning capabilities. This chapter serves as an introduction to the language and its syntax, semantics, and capabilities.