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The text appears to be a collection of references related to genetic linkage studies and anticipation in various disorders, including bipolar affective illness, myotonic dystrophy, Huntington's disease, and fragile X syndrome.Here is a concise summary:* The first reference describes genetic linkage between X-chromosome markers and bipolar affective illness.* The second reference reevaluates the link between chromosome 11 loci and bipolar affective disorder in the Old Order Amish.* The third reference reviews genetic linkage studies in bipolar disorder.* The fourth to eighth references discuss anticipation, or increased severity of symptoms with each successive generation, in various disorders including myotonic dystrophy and Huntington's disease.Overall, these references seem to be related to the study of genetics and mental health, particularly in the context of inherited disorders.