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**Protection and Security*** Seccomp (Secure Compute) enables sandboxing by controlling system calls.* Uses fork or clone to start target processes, then establishes communication channels.**Use Cases for VMs*** Isolation & Sandboxing: run untrusted code in an isolated environment.* Resource Allocation: limit resources used by an application or user.* System Management: easy backup and restore of entire VM without affecting host.* Cross-platform testing: test apps on other operating systems without reinstalling.**Emulation vs Virtualization*** Emulation recreates different computer architectures, necessary for running legacy applications.* Virtualization makes one thing look like multiple things, faster than emulation.**Hypervisors*** Bare Metal hypervisors (e.g. VMware ESXi) are the host operating system.* Hosted hypervisors (e.g. VirtualBox) run on a host operating system.**Containers*** Lightweight and designed for ephemerality.* Run within a VM if necessary.* Designed to ensure a consistent running environment with defined dependencies.Let me know if you'd like me to highlight any specific points or add further summaries!